ACI CODE-318-14: Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary

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Description

The “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete” (“Code”) provides minimum requirements for the materials, design, and detailing of structural concrete buildings and, where applicable, nonbuilding structures. This Code addresses structural systems, members, and connections, including cast-in-place, precast, plain, nonprestressed, prestressed, and composite construction. Among the subjects covered are: design and construction for strength, serviceability, and durability; load combinations, load factors, and strength reduction factors; structural analysis methods; deflection limits; mechanical and adhesive anchoring to concrete; development and splicing of reinforcement; construction document information; field inspection and testing; and methods to evaluate the strength of existing structures. “Building Code Requirements for Concrete Thin Shells” (ACI 318.2) is adopted by reference in this Code.The Code user will find that ACI 318-14 has been substantially reorganized and reformatted from previous editions. The principal objectives of this reorganization are to present all design and detailing requirements for structural systems or for individual members in chapters devoted to those individual subjects, and to arrange the chapters in a manner that generally follows the process and chronology of design and construction. Information and procedures that are common to the design of members are located in utility chapters.

The quality and testing of materials used in construction are covered by reference to the appropriate ASTM standard specifications. Welding of reinforcement is covered by reference to the appropriate American Welding Society (AWS) standard. Uses of the Code include adoption by reference in a general building code, and earlier editions have been widely used in this manner. The Code is written in a format that allows such reference without change to its language. Therefore, background details or suggestions for carrying out the requirements or intent of the Code provisions cannot be included within the Code itself. The Commentary is provided for this purpose. Some of the considerations of the committee in developing the Code are discussed within the Commentary, with emphasis given to the explanation of new or revised provisions. Much of the research data referenced in preparing the Code is cited for the user desiring to study individual questions in greater detail. Other documents that provide suggestions for carrying out the requirements of the Code are also cited.Technical changes from ACI 318-11 to ACI 318-14 are outlined in the May 2014 issue of Concrete International. Transition keys showing how the code was reorganized are provided on the ACI website on the 318 Resource Page under Topics in Concrete.

Keywords:

admixtures; aggregates; anchorage (structural); beam-column frame; beams (supports); building codes; cements; cold weather construction; columns (supports); combined stress; composite construction (concrete and steel); composite construction (concrete to concrete); compressive strength; concrete construction; concrete slabs; concretes; construction joints; continuity (structural); contract documents; contraction joints; cover; curing; deep beams; deflections; earthquake-resistant structures; embedded service ducts; flexural strength; floors; folded plates; footings; formwork (construction); frames; hot weather construction; inspection; isolation joints; joints (junctions); joists; lightweight concretes; load tests (structural); loads (forces); materials; mixing; mixture proportioning; modulus of elasticity; moments; pipe columns; pipes (tubing); placing; plain concrete; precast concrete; prestressed concrete; prestressing steels; quality control; reinforced concrete; reinforcing steels; roofs; serviceability; shear strength; shear walls; shells (structural forms); spans; splicing; strength; strength analysis; stresses; structural analysis; structural concrete; structural design; structural integrity; T-beams; torsion; walls; water; welded wire reinforcement.

 

Document Details

Author: ACI Committee 318

Publication Year: 2014

Pages: 520

Categories: Codes

Formats: Printed Document or Protected PDF/Web View

Table of Contents

CHAPTER 1

GENERAL

1.1—Scope of ACI 318

1.2—General

1.3—Purpose

1.4—Applicability

1.5—Interpretation

1.6—Building official

1.7—Licensed design professional

1.8—Construction documents and design records

1.9—Testing and inspection

1.10—Approval of special systems of design, construction, or alternative construction materials

CHAPTER 2

NOTATION AND TERMINOLOGY

2.1—Scope

2.2—Notation

2.3—Terminology

CHAPTER 3

REFERENCED STANDARDS

3.1—Scope

3.2—Referenced standards

CHAPTER 4

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

4.1—Scope

4.2—Materials

4.3—Design loads

4.4—Structural system and load paths

4.5—Structural analysis

4.6—Strength

4.7—Serviceability

4.8—Durability

4.9—Sustainability

4.10—Structural integrity

4.11—Fire resistance

4.12—Requirements for specific types of construction

4.13—Construction and inspection

4.14—Strength evaluation of existing structures

CHAPTER 5

LOADS

5.1—Scope

5.2—General

5.3—Load factors and combinations

CHAPTER 6

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

6.1—Scope

6.2—General

6.3—Modeling assumptions

6.4—Arrangement of live load

6.5—Simplified method of analysis for nonprestressed

continuous beams and one-way slabs

6.6—First-order analysis

6.7—Elastic second-order analysis

6.8—Inelastic second-order analysis

6.9—Acceptability of finite element analysis

CHAPTER 7

ONE-WAY SLABS

7.1—Scope

7.2—General

7.3—Design limits

7.4—Required strength

7.5—Design strength

7.6—Reinforcement limits

7.7—Reinforcement detailing

CHAPTER 8

TWO-WAY SLABS

8.1—Scope

8.2—General

8.3—Design limits

8.4—Required strength

8.5—Design strength

8.6—Reinforcement limits

8.7—Reinforcement detailing

8.8—Nonprestressed two-way joist systems

8.9—Lift-slab construction

8.10—Direct design method

8.11—Equivalent frame method

CHAPTER 9

BEAMS

9.1—Scope

9.2—General

9.3—Design limits

9.4—Required strength

9.5—Design strength

9.6—Reinforcement limits

9.7—Reinforcement detailing

9.8—Nonprestressed one-way joist systems

9.9—Deep beams

CHAPTER10

COLUMNS

10.1—Scope

10.2—General

10.3—Design limits

10.4—Required strength

10.5—Design strength

10.6—Reinforcement limits

10.7—Reinforcement detailing

CHAPTER 11

WALLS

11.1—Scope

11.2—General

11.3—Design limits

11.4—Required strength

11.5—Design strength

11.6—Reinforcement limits

11.7—Reinforcement detailing

11.8—Alternative method for out-of-plane slender wall analysis

CHAPTER 12

DIAPHRAGMS

12.1—Scope

12.2—General

12.3—Design limits

12.4—Required strength

12.5—Design strength

12.6—Reinforcement limits

12.7—Reinforcement detailing

CHAPTER 13

FOUNDATIONS

13.1—Scope

13.2—General

13.3—Shallow foundations

13.4—Deep foundations

CHAPTER 14

PLAIN CONCRETE

14.1—Scope

14.2—General

14.3—Design limits

14.4—Required strength

14.5—Design strength

14.6—Reinforcement detailing

CHAPTER 15

BEAM-COLUMN AND SLAB-COLUMN JOINTS

15.1—Scope

15.2—General

15.3—Transfer of column axial force through the floor system

15.4—Detailing of joints

CHAPTER 16

CONNECTIONS BETWEEN MEMBERS

16.1—Scope

16.2—Connections of precast members

16.3—Connections to foundations

16.4—Horizontal shear transfer in composite concrete flexural members

16.5—Brackets and corbels

CHAPTER 17

ANCHORING TO CONCRETE

17.1—Scope

17.2—General

17.3—General requirements for strength of anchors

17.4—Design requirements for tensile loading

17.5—Design requirements for shear loading

17.6—Interaction of tensile and shear forces

17.7—Required edge distances, spacings, and thicknesses to preclude splitting failure

17.8—Installation and inspection of anchors

CHAPTER 18

EARTHQUAKE-RESISTANT STRUCTURES

18.1—Scope

18.2—General

18.3—Ordinary moment frames

18.4—Intermediate moment frames

18.5—Intermediate precast structural walls

18.6—Beams of special moment frames

18.7—Columns of special moment frames

18.8—Joints of special moment frames

18.9—Special moment frames constructed using precast concrete

18.10—Special structural walls

18.11—Special structural walls constructed using precast concrete

18.12—Diaphragms and trusses

18.13—Foundations

18.14—Members not designated as part of the seismicforce-resisting system

CHAPTER 19

CONCRETE: DESIGN AND DURABILITY REQUIREMENTS

19.1—Scope

19.2—Concrete design properties

19.3—Concrete durability requirements

19.4—Grout durability requirements

CHAPTER 20

STEEL REINFORCEMENT PROPERTIES, DURABILITY, AND EMBEDMENTS

20.1—Scope

20.2—Nonprestressed bars and wires

20.3—Prestressing strands, wires, and bars

20.4—Structural steel, pipe, and tubing for composite columns

20.5—Headed shear stud reinforcement

20.6—Provisions for durability of steel reinforcement

20.7—Embedments

CHAPTER 21

STRENGTH REDUCTION FACTORS

21.1—Scope

21.2—Strength reduction factors for structural concrete members and connections

CHAPTER 22

SECTIONAL STRENGTH

22.1—Scope

22.2—Design assumptions for moment and axial strength

22.3—Flexural strength

22.4—Axial strength or combined flexural and axial strength

22.5—One-way shear strength

22.6—Two-way shear strength

22.7—Torsional strength

22.8—Bearing

22.9—Shear friction

CHAPTER 23

STRUT-AND-TIE MODELS

23.1—Scope

23.2—General

23.3—Design strength

23.4—Strength of struts

23.5—Reinforcement crossing bottle-shaped struts

23.6—Strut reinforcement detailing

23.7—Strength of ties

23.8—Tie reinforcement detailing

23.9—Strength of nodal zones

CHAPTER 24

SERVICEABILITY REQUIREMENTS

24.1—Scope

24.2—Deflections due to service-level gravity loads

24.3—Distribution of flexural reinforcement in one-way slabs and beams

24.4—Shrinkage and temperature reinforcement

24.5—Permissible stresses in prestressed concrete flexural members

CHAPTER 25

REINFORCEMENT DETAILS

25.1—Scope

25.2—Minimum spacing of reinforcement

25.3—Standard hooks, seismic hooks, crossties, and minimum inside bend diameters

25.4—Development of reinforcement

25.5—Splices

25.6—Bundled reinforcement

25.7—Transverse reinforcement

25.8—Post-tensioning anchorages and couplers

25.9—Anchorage zones for post-tensioned tendons

CHAPTER 26

CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS AND

INSPECTION

26.1—Scope

26.2—Design criteria

26.3—Member information

26.4—Concrete materials and mixture requirements

26.5—Concrete production and construction

26.6—Reinforcement materials and construction requirements

26.7—Anchoring to concrete

26.8—Embedments

26.9—Additional requirements for precast concrete

26.10—Additional requirements for prestressed concrete

26.11—Formwork

26.12—Concrete evaluation and acceptance

26.13—Inspection

CHAPTER 27

STRENGTH EVALUATION OF EXISTING STRUCTURES

27.1—Scope

27.2—General

27.3—Analytical strength evaluation

27.4—Strength evaluation by load test

27.5—Reduced load rating

COMMENTARY REFERENCES

APPENDIX A

STEEL REINFORCEMENT INFORMATION

APPENDIX B

EQUIVALENCE BETWEEN SI-METRIC, MKSMETRIC, AND U.S. CUSTOMARY UNITS OF NONHOMOGENOUS EQUATIONS IN THE CODE

ERRATA INFO

Any applicable errata are included with individual documents at the time of purchase. Errata are not included for collections or sets of documents such as the ACI Collection. For a listing of and access to all product errata, visit the Errata page.

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