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Home > Publications > International Concrete Abstracts Portal
Showing 1-5 of 16 Abstracts search results
Document:
SP208
Date:
October 29, 2002
Author(s):
Editor: Karl-Heinz Reineck
Publication:
Symposium Papers
Volume:
208
Abstract:
SP-208 With the addition of the new Appendix A on strut-and-tie models in ACI 318-02, "Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete," engineers have an alternative code procedure for designing structural concrete members where the usual sectional design assumptions for flexure and shear do not apply. ACI SP-208 contains selected papers presented at the 2002 ACI Fall Convention by members of ACI Subcommittee 445-A, Shear and Torsion: Strut-and-Tie Models. This publication shows engineers how to apply strut- and-tie modeling in accordance with Appendix A. The papers also trace the development of Appendix A of ACI 318-02 and summarize important tests that confirm strut-and-tie modeling as a rational basis for the design of structural concrete. Most of the examples have been taken from practice. In addition to explaining the approach of determining a model, they point out where problems can occur in dimensioning or in detailing and anchoring of the reinforcement and how the design can be improved.
DOI:
10.14359/14017
SP208-05
Karl - Heinz Reineck
After a brief summary of the contents of the SP and the examples, several general points are discussed which are based on observations made about the examples. The choice of a strut-and-tie model is a major issue and different engineers may propose various modles for the same task. This leads to a discussion of the uniqueness of models and whether it is acceptable that different engineers may choose different models and thus different reinforcement arrangements and detailing for the same D-region. A further issue identified in some of the examples was the transition of a B-region to a D-region, and the procedure of modeling is shown. Finally the role and the importance of detailing is emphasized and some examples for this are given. Also some observations are made which led to recommendations for reconsidering some code provisions.
10.14359/12423
SP208-04Ex.5
Wiryanto Dewobroto and Darl-Heinz Reineck
Inadequate design of indirect supports resulted in a lot of structural damage and near failure of structural concrete beams. Most codes, including ACI 318, do not properly cover this case. However, strut-and-tie models almost automatically lead to correctly reinforcing these critical discontinuity regions. This example combines indirect supports as well as indirectly applied loads and demonstrates the application of strut-and-tie models following Appendix A of ACI 318-2002.
10.14359/12418
SP208-04Ex.6
Adolfo Matamoros and Julio A. Ramirez
The design of the end region of a prestressed beam according to Appendix A of the 2002 ACI Building Code is presented. Two alternatives are considered, the first with straight strands and debonding toward the ends of the member in order to control stresses at transfer. The second case is with draped strands. Strut-and-tie modles corresponding to each of the two alernatives are developed, analyzed, and the reinforcement is proportioned to reseist the calculated internal forces. Anchorage length requirements were a critical factor in selecting the configuration of the truss model.
10.14359/12419
SP208-04Ex.7
Bob Anderson
Strut-and-tie models make the design of portions of complex structures transparent. This example, a pier table from a cable stayed bridge, is developed to show how strut-and-tie modeling can be used for an area that may be exposed to cyclic loading and how the results from alternate loads may be superimposed upon one another. The pier table transmits forces from the pylon, through an integral superstructure connection, to individual support legs. The pier table also creates an area for the transmission of superstructure forces. This example briefly describes the model development based upon the perceived flow of forces within the structure. The tie reinforcement is then detailed and the nodal zones checked.
10.14359/12420
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