Experimental Evaluation of Deep Beams with High-Strength Concrete and High-Strength Reinforcing Bar

International Concrete Abstracts Portal

The International Concrete Abstracts Portal is an ACI led collaboration with leading technical organizations from within the international concrete industry and offers the most comprehensive collection of published concrete abstracts.

  


Title: Experimental Evaluation of Deep Beams with High-Strength Concrete and High-Strength Reinforcing Bar

Author(s): Robert D. Devine, Steven M. Barbachyn, Ashley P. Thrall, and Yahya C. Kurama

Publication: Structural Journal

Volume: 115

Issue: 4

Appears on pages(s): 1023-1036

Keywords: high-strength concrete; high-strength steel reinforcement; low aspect ratio; reinforced concrete; shear design; stocky walls

DOI: 10.14359/51702229

Date: 7/1/2018

Abstract:
This paper describes an experimental evaluation on the isolated and combined effects of high-strength concrete and high-strength steel on the behavior of stocky reinforced concrete structures. Monotonic lateral load tests were conducted on four cantilever deep beam specimens, which represented slices along the length of a prototype stocky shear wall without boundary regions/members. The specimen using both high-strength steel and high-strength concrete resulted in the greatest lateral strength and deformation capacity, demonstrating the benefits of high-strength concrete when using high-strength steel in stocky structures. Inadequacies in code-based predictions were observed for peak wall lateral strength and stiffness, pointing to the need to reassess the current design provisions for stocky walls.

Related References:

1. ACI Committee 363, “Report on High-Strength Concrete (ACI 363R-10),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2010, 65 pp.

2. Barbachyn, S. M.; Devine, R. D.; Thrall, A. P.; and Kurama, Y. C., “Effect of High-Strength Materials on Lateral Strength of Shear-Critical Reinforced Concrete Walls,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 114, No. 4, July-Aug. 2017, pp. 923-936. doi: 10.14359/51689722

3. Farvashany, F. E.; Foster, S. J.; and Rangan, B. V., “Strength and Deformation of High-Strength Concrete Shearwalls,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 105, No. 1, Jan.-Feb. 2008, pp. 21-29.

4. Gulec, C. K., “Performance-Based Assessment and Design of Squat Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls,” PhD dissertation, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 2009, 719 pp.

5. Palmero, D., and Vecchio, F. J., “Compression Field Modeling of Reinforced Concrete Subjected to Reversed Loading: Formulation,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 100, No. 5, Sept.-Oct. 2003, pp. 616-625.

6. Palmero, D., and Vecchio, F. J., “Compression Field Modeling of Reinforced Concrete Subjected to Reversed Loading: Verification,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 101, No. 2, Mar.-Apr. 2004, pp. 155-164.

7. Massone, L. M.; Orakcal, K.; and Wallace, J. W., “Modeling of Squat Structural Walls Controlled by Shear,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 106, No. 5, Sept.-Oct. 2009, pp. 646-655.

8. Iwashita, K.; Ishimura, K.; Kurihara, K.; and Imai, M., “Study on Reactor Building Structure Using Ultrahigh Strength Materials, Part 5: Nonlinear Analysis of RC Shear Walls,” SMiRT 11 Transactions, 1991, pp. 383-388.

9. ACI Committee 318, “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-14) and Commentary (ACI 318R-14),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2014, 519 pp.

10. ACI Committee 349, “Code Requirements for Nuclear Safety-Related Concrete Structures (ACI 349-13) and Commentary,” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2013, 196 pp.

11. ASCE/SEI 43-05, “Seismic Design Criteria for Structures, Systems, and Components in Nuclear Facilities,” American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston, VA, 2005, 81 pp.

12. Liang, X.; Che, J.; Yang, P.; and Deng., M., “Seismic Behavior of High-Strength Concrete Structural Walls with Edge Columns,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 110, No. 6, Nov.-Dec. 2013, pp. 953-964.

13. Uchiyama, T.; Ishimura, K.; Takahashi, T.; and Hirade, T., “Study on Reactor Building Structure Using Ultrahigh Strength Materials, Part 4: Bending Shear Tests of RC Shear Walls,” SMiRT 11 Transactions, 1991, pp. 377-382.

14. Kabeyasawa, T., and Hiraishi, H., “Tests and Analyses of High Strength Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls in Japan,” High-Strength Concrete in Seismic Regions, SP-176, C.W. French and M.E. Kreger, eds., American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 1998, pp. 281-310.

15. Kabeyasawa, T., and Matsumoto, H., “Tests and Analyses of Ultra-High Strength Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls,” 10th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Madrid, Spain, 1992, pp. 3291-3296.

16. Saitoh, F.; Kuramoto, H.; and Minami, K., “Shear Behavior of Shear Walls Using High Strength Concrete,” Summaries of Technical Papers of Annual Meeting, Architectural Institute of Japan, Tokyo, Japan, 1990, pp. 605-606. (in Japanese)

17. Yanagisawa, N.; Kamide, M.; and Kanoh, Y., “Study on High Strength Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls, Parts 1 and 2 (in Japanese),” Summaries of Technical Papers of Annual Meeting, Architectural Institute of Japan, Tokyo, Japan, 1992, pp. 347-350.

18. Park, H.; Baek, J.; Lee, J.; and Shin, H., “Cyclic Loading Tests for Shear Strength of Low-Rise Reinforced Concrete Walls with Grade 500 MPa Bars,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 112, No. 3, May-June 2015, pp. 299-310. doi: 10.14359/51687406

19. Baek, J.; Park, H.; Lee, J.; and Bang, C., “Cyclic Loading Test for Walls of Aspect Ratio 1.0 and 0.5 with Grade 550 MPa (80 ksi) Shear Reinforcing Bars,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 114, No. 4, July-Aug. 2017, pp. 969-982. doi: 10.14359/51689680

20. Baek, J.; Park, H.; Shin, H.; and Yim, S., “Cyclic Loading Test for Walls of Aspect Ratio 2.0 with Grade 550 MPa (80 ksi) Shear Reinforcing Bars,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 114, No. 3, May-June 2017, pp. 973-982. doi: 10.14359/51689437

21. Baek, J.; Park, H.; Lee, J.; and Shin, H., “Shear Friction Strength of Low-Rise Walls with 550 MPa (80 ksi) Reinforcing Bars under Cyclic Loading,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 115, No. 1, Jan. 2018, pp. 65-78.

22. Cheng, M. Y.; Hung, S. C.; Lequesne, R. D.; and Lepage, A., “Earthquake-Resistant Squat Walls Reinforced with High-Strength Steel,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 113, No. 5, Sept.-Oct. 2016, pp. 1065-1076. doi: 10.14359/51688825

23. Deslangne, A. S., and Lubell, A. S., “Shear in Concrete Beams Reinforced with High-Performance Steel,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 112, No. 6, Nov.-Dec. 2015, pp. 783-792.

24. Hassan, T. K.; Seliem, H. M.; Dwairi, H.; Rizkalla, S. H.; and Zia, P., “Shear Behavior of Large Concrete Beams Reinforced with High-Strength Steel,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 105, No. 2, Mar.-Apr. 2008, pp. 173-179.

25. Oh, J., and Shin, S., “Shear Strength of Reinforced High-Strength Concrete Deep Beams,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 98, No. 2, Mar.-Apr. 2001, pp. 164-173.

26. Garay-Moran, J.-D., and Lubell, A. S., “Behavior of Deep Beams Containing High-Strength Longitudinal Reinforcement,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 113, No. 1, Jan.-Feb. 2016, pp. 17-28. doi: 10.14359/51687910

27. Ismail, K. S.; Guadagnini, M.; and Pilakoutas, K., “Shear Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 114, No. 1, Jan.-Feb. 2017, pp. 87-99.

28. Munikrishna, A.; Hosny, A.; Rizkalla, S.; and Zia, P., “Behavior of Concrete Beams Reinforced with ASTM A1035 Grade 100 Stirrups under Shear,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 108, No. 1, Jan.-Feb. 2011, pp. 34-41.

29. Barda, F.; Hanson, J. M.; and Corley, W. G., “Shear Strength of Low-Rise Walls with Boundary Elements,” Reinforced Concrete Structures in Seismic Zones, SP-53, N.M. Hawkins and D. Mitchell, eds., American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 1977, pp. 149-202.

30. United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, “Design Certification Applications for New Reactors,” U. S. NRC, Washington, DC, 2015, http://www.nrc.gov/reactors/new-reactors/design-cert.html. (last accessed Apr. 19, 2018)

31. Barbachyn, S. M.; Devine, R. D.; Thrall, A. P.; and Kurama, Y. C., “Economic Evaluation of High-Strength Materials in Stocky Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls,” Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, ASCE, V. 143, No. 10, 2017, p. 04017074 doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0001377

32. ACI Committee 207, “Mass Concrete (ACI 207.1R-96),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 1996, 42 pp.

33. Gajda, J.; Weber, M.; and Diaz-Loya, I., “A Low Temperature Rise Mixture for Mass Concrete,” Concrete International, V. 36, No. 8, Aug. 2014, pp. 48-53.

34. ASTM C39/C39M-16a, “Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2016, 7 pp.

35. ASTM C496/C496M-11, “Standard Test Method for Splitting Tensile Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2011, 5 pp.

36. ASTM C293/C293M-16, “Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam With Center-Point Loading),” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2016, 4 pp.

37. ASTM A706/A706M-15, “Standard Specification for Deformed and Plain Low-Alloy Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2015, 7 pp.

38. ASTM A1035/A1035M-15, “Standard Specification for Deformed and Plain, Low-Carbon, Chromium, Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2015, 7 pp.

39. ASTM A615/A615M-15ae1, “Standard Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon-Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2015, 8 pp.

40. ASTM A370-15, “Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2015, 50 pp.

41. Barbachyn, B.; Kurama, Y.; McGinnis, M.; and Sause, R., “Coupled Shear Wall with Fully Post-Tensioned Beams and Unbonded Reinforcing Bars at Toes,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 113, No. 6, Nov.-Dec. 2016, pp. 1381-1392. doi: 10.14359/51689252

42. Oesterle, R. G.; Fiorato, A. E.; Johal, L. S.; Carpenter, J. E.; Russell, H. G.; and Corley, W. G., “Earthquake Resistant Structural Walls – Tests of Isolated Walls,” Report to National Science Foundation, PCA Construction Laboratories, Skokie, IL, 1976, 317 pp.

43. Gulec, C. K., and Whittaker, A. S., “Empirical Equations for Peak Shear Strength of Low Aspect Ratio Reinforced Concrete Walls,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 108, No. 1, Jan.-Feb. 2011, pp. 80-89.

44. Wood, S. L., “Shear Strength of Low-Rise Reinforced Concrete Walls,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 87, No. 1, Jan.-Feb. 1990, pp. 99-107.

45. ACI Committee 318, “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-08) and Commentary,” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2008, 473 pp.

46. AS 3600-2009, “Concrete Structures,” Standards Australia Limited, Sydney, Australia, 2009, 198 pp.

47. CSA A23.3-14, “Design of Concrete Structures,” Canadian Standards Association, Mississauga, ON, Canada, 2014, 297 pp.

48. ASCE/SEI 41-06, “Seismic Rehabilitation of Existing Buildings,” American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston, VA, 2007, 411 pp.

49. von Ramin, M., and Matamoros, A. B., “Effect of Cyclic Loading on Shear Strength of RC Members,” Deformation Capacity and Shear Strength of Reinforced Concrete Members under Cyclic Loading, SP-236, A. Matamoros and KL. Elwood, eds., American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2006, pp. 103-126.

50. Luna, B. N.; Rivera, J. P.; and Whittaker, A. S., “Seismic Behavior of Low-Aspect-Ratio Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 112, No. 5, Sept.-Oct. 2015, pp. 593-604. doi: 10.14359/51687709


ALSO AVAILABLE IN:

Electronic Structural Journal



  

Edit Module Settings to define Page Content Reviewer