Title:
Concrete Tensile Breakout at Fully Developed Deformed Bar/Wire Anchors
Author(s):
M. James Chen
Publication:
Structural Journal
Volume:
117
Issue:
6
Appears on pages(s):
45-57
Keywords:
anchor; anchorage; bond; deformed bar/wire; finite element analysis (FEA); nuclear power plant; tensile breakout
DOI:
10.14359/51728058
Date:
11/1/2020
Abstract:
Deformed bar/wire anchors transfer a tensile load into concrete by a combination of bond between the anchor and the concrete and, in the case of hooked bars, bearing on the anchor hook. The concrete tensile breakout failure is one of the failure modes. This paper presents an analysis of the concrete tensile breakout failure mode for fully developed deformed bar/wire anchors and concludes that the concrete tensile breakout failure mode can govern over steel rupture failure mode in some cases.
Related References:
1. ACI Committee 318, “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-11) and Commentary (ACI 318R-11),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hill, MI, 2011, 503 pp.
2. ACI Committee 318, “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-14) and Commentary (ACI 318R-14),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hill, MI, 2014, 519 pp.
3. ACI Committee 349, “Code Requirements for Nuclear Safety-Related Concrete Structures (ACI 349-01) and Commentary,” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hill, MI, 2001, 18 pp.
4. ACI Committee 349, “Code Requirements for Nuclear Safety-Related Concrete Structures (ACI 349-13) and Commentary,” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hill, MI, 2013, 18 pp.
5. Joint ACI-ASCE Committee 408, “Bond and Development of Straight Reinforcing Bars in Tension (ACI 408R-03),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2003, 49 pp.
6. Harries, K. A.; Shahrooz, B. M. A.; Soltani, A.; Reis, J. M.; Wells, E. L. (W.).; Miller, R.; and Russell, H. G., “Bond and Anchorage of High-Strength Reinforcing Steel,” Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, V. 2172, No. 1, 2010, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, DC, pp. 96-102.
7. Ajaam, A., “Anchorage of High-Strength Reinforcing Bars with Standard Hooks,” PhD dissertation, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, Apr. 2017.
8. Delhomme, F.; Roure, T.; Arrieta, B.; and Limam, A., “Pullout Behavior of Cast-in-Place Headed and Bonded Anchors with Different Embedment Depths,” Materials and Structures, V. 49, No. 5, 2016, pp. 1843-1859. doi: 10.1617/s11527-015-0616-4
9. ASTM A615/A615M-16, “Standard Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon-Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 8 pp.
10. ASTM A496/A496M-07, “Standard Specification for Deformed Steel Wire for Concrete Reinforcement,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2007, 6 pp.
11. Viwathanatepa, S.; Popov, E. P.; and Bertero, V. V., “Effects of Generalized Loading on Bond of Reinforcing Bars Embedded in Confined Concrete Blocks,” UCB/EERC-79/22, Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 1979.
12. International Federation for Structural Concrete, “Structural Connections for Precast Concrete Building,” Guide to Good Practice Prepared by Task Group 6.2, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2008.
13. Shima, H.; Chou, L.; and Okamura, H., “Bond Characteristics in Post-Yield Range of Ribbed Bars,” Concrete Library of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, V. 10, 1987, pp. 113-124.
14. Eligehausen, R.; Popov, E. P.; and Bertero, V. V., “Local Bond Stress-Slip Relationships of Deformed Bars under Generalized Excitations,” UCB/EERC-83/23, Earthquake Engineering Research Center, College of Engineering University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, Report to the National Science Foundation, Oct. 1983.
15. Rodriguez, M.; Lotze, D.; Gross, J. H.; Zhang, Y. G.; Klingner, R. E.; and Graves, H. L., “Dynamic Behavior of Tensile Anchors to Concrete,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 98, No. 4, July-Aug. 2001, pp. 511-524.
16. Eligehausen, R.; Mallée, R.; and Silva, J., Anchorage in Concrete Construction, first edition, Ernst & Sohn, Berlin, Germany, 2006.
17. ANSYS, “ANSYS Mechanical APDL Manual Set,” Release 14.5, ANSYS, Canonsburg, PA, 2014, p. 15317.
18. MacGregor, J. G., Reinforced Concrete Mechanics and Design, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1992.
19. Engström, B.; Magnusson, J.; and Huang, Z., “Pull-Out Bond Behavior of Ribbed Bars in Normal and High-Strength Concrete with Various Confinements, Bond and Development of Reinforcement,” Bond and Development of Reinforcement—A Tribute to Dr. Peter Gergely, SP-180, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 1998, pp. 215-242.
20. Cannon, R. W.; Godfrey, D. A.; and Moreadith, F. L., “Guide to the Design of Anchor Bolts and Other Steel Embedments,” Concrete International, V. 3, No. 7, July 1981, pp. 28-41.
21. Cziesielski, E., and Friedmann, M., “Load Capacity of Unheaded Bolts in Concrete and Influence of Welding,” Anchorage to Concrete, SP-103, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 1987, pp. 153-180.