Title:
Study on Seismic Damage Model of Fly Ash Foamed Concrete Wall
Author(s):
Yunhong Hao, Hongze Wang, Yupeng Zhao, Chakelehan, and Yong Shi
Publication:
Structural Journal
Volume:
121
Issue:
5
Appears on pages(s):
89-98
Keywords:
axial compression ratio; damage parameter; fly ash foamed concrete; seismic damage model; shear wall; steel ratio.
DOI:
10.14359/51740855
Date:
9/1/2024
Abstract:
Firstly, the proposed static test was carried out on eight fly ash
foamed concrete walls with different axial compression ratios μ
and steel ratios ρ. Secondly, the quantitative analysis method of
wall damage was proposed based on the crack development theory,
and the real damage index was proposed. Then, through theoretical
analysis and curve fitting, two kinds of seismic damage models—
energy method and Park-Ang-W—were proposed, and the damage
values were calculated to compare with the real damage values.
Finally, the Park-Ang-W model was used to analyze the parameter
expansion of 16 Abaqus wall models with different axial compression ratios μ and steel ratios ρ. The results show that the damage evaluation index based on crack development theory can effectively reflect the damage of fly ash foamed concrete walls. The accuracy of the energy method model is not high at the low number of cycles, and the error is less than 20% at the high number of cycles. The Park-Ang-W model has an error of approximately 10% at a high number of cycles, which better reflects the true damage of the specimen. The axial compression ratio μ has little effect on the wall
damage, with a maximum effect range of 6.7%. Increasing the
reinforcement ratio can effectively reduce the wall damage, with
a maximum effect range of 12.6%. The results of the study provide
a theoretical basis for the future application of fly ash foamed
concrete in construction projects.
Related References:
1. Hao, H.; Bi, K.; Chen, W.; Pham, T. M.; and Li, J., “Towards Next Generation Design of Sustainable, Durable, Multi-Hazard Resistant, Resilient, and Smart Civil Engineering Structures,” Engineering Structures, V. 277, 2023, Article No. 115477. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2022.115477
2. Stanojević, A. D.; Milošević, M. R.; Milošević, D. M.; Turnšek B. A. J.; and Jevremović L. L., “Developing Multi-Criteria Model for the Protection of Built Heritage from the Aspect of Energy Retrofitting,” Energy and Buildings, V. 250, 2021, Article No. 111285. doi: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2021.111285
3. Kruger, J.; Cho, S.; van den Heever, M.; Bester, F.; van Rooyen, A.; and van Zijl, G., “Nanotechnology for Improved Three-Dimensional Concrete Printing Constructability,” ACI Materials Journal, V. 118, No. 6, Nov. 2021, pp. 19-28.
4. Platt, S. L.; Walker, P.; Maskell, D.; Shea, A.; Bacoup, F.; Mahieu, A.; Zmamou, H.; and Gattin, R., “Sustainable Bio & Waste Resources for Thermal Insulation of Buildings,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 366, 2023, Article No. 130030. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.130030
5. Ma, S.; Tan, S.; Pan, Y.; and Gu, Y., “Experimental Study on Fiber-
Reinforced Ceramsite Concrete Composite Wall Panel and Correction of Seismic Damage Model,” Structures, V. 59, 2024, Article No. 105805. doi: 10.1016/j.istruc.2023.105805
6. Song, Q.; Bao, J.; Xue, S.; Zhang, P.; and Mu, S., “Collaborative Disposal of Multisource Solid Waste: Influence of an Admixture on the Properties, Pore Structure and Durability of Foam Concrete,” Journal of Materials Research and Technology, V. 14, 2021, pp. 1778-1790. doi: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.07.075
7. Raj, A.; Sathyan, D.; and Mini, K. M., “Physical and Functional Characteristics of Foam Concrete: A Review,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 221, 2019, pp. 787-799. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.06.052
8. Allouzi, R.; Al Qatawna, A.; and Al-Kasasbeh, T., “Lightweight Foamed Concrete Mixture for Structural Use,” ACI Materials Journal, V. 117, No. 3, May 2020, pp. 99-109.
9. Zhang, Y.; Li, Y.; Fan, W.; and Dias-da-Costa, D., “Seismic Damage and Assessment Model Analysis of Prestressed Segmental Bridge Columns,” Structures, V. 38, 2022, pp. 797-807. doi: 10.1016/j.istruc.2022.02.018
10. Dunn, T. P. A.; van Zijl, G. P. A. G.; and van Rooyen, A. S., “Investigating a Reinforced Lightweight Foamed Concrete Walling System for Low-Rise Residential Buildings in Moderate Seismic Regions,” Journal of Building Engineering, V. 20, 2018, pp. 663-670. doi: 10.1016/j.jobe.2018.09.011
11. Koyama, A.; Suetsugu, D.; Fukubayashi, Y.; and Mitabe, H., “Experimental Study on the Dynamic Properties of Rigid Polyurethane Foam in Stress-Controlled Cyclic Uniaxial Tests,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 321, 2022, Article No. 126377. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.126377
12. Xu, Z.; Chen, Z.; Osman, B. H.; and Yang, S., “Seismic Performance of High-Strength Lightweight Foamed Concrete-Filled Cold-Formed Steel Shear Walls,” Journal of Constructional Steel Research, V. 143, 2018, pp. 148-161. doi: 10.1016/j.jcsr.2017.12.027
13. Lu, Y.; Hu, X.; Yang, X.; and Xiao, Y., “Comprehensive Tests and Quasi-Brittle Fracture Modeling of Light-Weight Foam Concrete with Expanded Clay Aggregates,” Cement and Concrete Composites, V. 115, 2021, Article No. 103822. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2020.103822
14. Gencel, O.; Bayraktar, O. Y.; Kaplan, G.; Benli, A.; Martínez-
Barrera, G.; Brostow, W.; Tek, M.; and Bodur, B., “Characteristics of Hemp Fibre Reinforced Foam Concretes with Fly Ash and Taguchi Optimization,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 294, 2021, Article No. 123607. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.123607
15. Song, Y., and Lange, D. A., “Crushing Behavior and Crushing Strengths of Low-Density Foam Concrete,” ACI Materials Journal, V. 117, No. 2, Mar. 2020, pp. 43-52.
16. Fu, Z.; Gao, R.; and Li, Y., “Measuring Seismic Resilience of Building Portfolios Based on Innovative Damage Ratio Assessment Model,” Structures, V. 30, 2021, pp. 1109-1126. doi: 10.1016/j.istruc.2021.01.041
17. Malkeshi, F.; Banazadeh, M.; and Serajzadeh, S. A., “Micro-
Finite Element Damage Modeling in Steel Plate Shear Walls,” Journal of Constructional Steel Research, V. 170, 2020, Article No. 106074. doi: 10.1016/j.jcsr.2020.106074
18. Peng, S.; Wang, J.; Yao, Y.; Min, T.; Li, C.; Luo, L.; Zhu, Y.; Wen, X.; and Zhou, M., “A Modified Park-Ang Model for Seismic Damage Assessment of Recycled Aggregate Concrete-Filled Square Steel Tube Columns,” Case Studies in Construction Materials., V. 17, 2022, Article No. e01692. doi: 10.1016/j.cscm.2022.e01692
19. Lee, N.-L., “Application of Two-Stage Evaluation and Optimization Update Methods for the Structural Damage Detection of a Portal Beam Structure,” Structures, V. 29, 2021, pp. 684-690. doi: 10.1016/j.istruc.2020.11.035
20. Xingxing, W.; Wei, W.; Jihong, Y.; and Yutian, W., “Seismic Damage Model for Gypsum Board-to-CFS Stud Screw Connections Considering Ground Motion Duration,” Engineering Structures, V. 280, 2023, Article No. 115688. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2023.115688
21. Wang, N., and Huang, X., “Global Damage Model for the Seismic Reliability Analysis of a Base‐Isolated Structure,” Structures, V. 34, 2021, pp. 4892-4907. doi: 10.1016/j.istruc.2021.10.059
22. Peng, S.; Xiong, Z.; and Zeng, X.-G., “A Restoring Force Model for CFRP Seismic-Damaged RACFST Columns: Theoretical, Experimental, and Simulation Analysis,” Structures, V. 40, 2022, pp. 273-283. doi: 10.1016/j.istruc.2022.04.017
23. Ghosh, S.; Datta, D.; and Katakdhond, A. A., “Estimation of the Park–Ang Damage Index for Planar Multi-Storey Frames Using Equivalent Single-Degree Systems,” Engineering Structures, V. 33, No. 9, 2011, pp. 2509-2524. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.04.023
24. Ranjani, I. S., and Ramamurthy, K., “Relative Assessment of Density and Stability of Foam Produced with Four Synthetic Surfactants,” Materials and Structures, V. 43, No. 10, 2010, pp. 1317-1325. doi: 10.1617/s11527-010-9582-z
25. Dong, J.; Bai, Y.; Liu, Y.; Cong, X.; and Shen, C., “Seismic Damage Assessment of New Type Prefabricated Concrete Frame Joints,” Journal of Constructional Steel Research, V. 215, 2024, Article No. 108553. doi: 10.1016/j.jcsr.2024.108553
26. Dong, Y.-R.; Xu, Z.-D.; Zeng, K.; Cheng, Y.; and Xu, C., “Seismic Behavior and Cross-Scale Refinement Model of Damage Evolution for RC Shear Walls,” Engineering Structures, V. 167, 2018, pp. 13-25. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.03.096
27. Choi, Y.; Park, D.; Kim, S.; and Hong, J.-W., “Seismic Performance of Crack-Damaged Masonry Wall Structures via Shaking Table Tests,” Structures, V. 45, 2022, pp. 2272-2291. doi: 10.1016/j.istruc.2022.09.120
28. Gorji Azandariani, A.; Gholhaki, M.; and Gorji Azandariani, M., “Assessment of Damage Index and Seismic Performance of Steel Plate Shear Wall (SPSW) System,” Journal of Constructional Steel Research, V. 191, 2022, Article No. 107157. doi: 10.1016/j.jcsr.2022.107157
29. Zhang, J.; Zhao, Y.; Li, X.; Li, Y.; and Dong, H., “Experimental Study on Seismic Performance of Recycled Aggregate Concrete Shear Wall with High-Strength Steel Bars,” Structures, V. 33, 2021, pp. 1457-1472. doi: 10.1016/j.istruc.2021.05.033
30. Sivaguru, V., and Rao, G. A., “Strength and Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Squat Shear Walls with Openings under Cyclic Loading,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 118, No. 5, Sept. 2021, pp. 235-250.
31. Xiao, C.; Zhu, A.; Li, J.; and Li, Y., “Experimental Study on Seismic Performance of Embedded Steel Plate-HSC Composite Shear Walls,” Journal of Building Engineering, V. 34, 2021, Article No. 101909. doi: 10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101909
32. Hao, Y.; Wang, H.; Qin, L.; Sun, H.; Zhao, Y.; and kelehan, C., “Experimental and Numerical Study on Seismic Performance of Prefabricated New Fly Ash Foam Concrete Structure,” Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, V. 178, 2024, Article No. 108462. doi: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.108462
33. Zhang, J.; Liu, X.; and Yang, Q., “A Unified Elasto-Viscoplastic Peridynamics Model for Brittle and Ductile Fractures under High-Velocity Impact Loading,” International Journal of Impact Engineering, V. 173, 2023, Article No. 104471. doi: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2022.104471
34. Zhang, J.; Yang, Q.; and Liu, X., “Peridynamics Methodology for Elasto-Viscoplastic Ductile Fracture,” Engineering Fracture Mechanics, V. 277, 2023, Article No. 108939. doi: 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2022.108939
35. As’ad, S.; Mukahar; and Sukiman, M., “Investigation on Wall Crack Damage and Its Proposed Repair Method,” Procedia Engineering, V. 54, 2013, pp. 165-175. doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2013.03.016
36. Li, J.; Chen, Z.; and Chen, W., “Axial Load-Bearing Capacities of Pre-Cast Self-Insulation Walls Made by Foam Concrete,” Structures, V. 27, 2020, pp. 1951-1961. doi: 10.1016/j.istruc.2020.08.001
37. Jiang, N.; Ge, Z.; Guan, Y.; Zuo, Z.; Zhang, H.; Ling, Y.; and Šavija, B., “Experimentally Validated Meso-Scale Fracture Modelling of Foamed Concrete,” Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics, V. 122, 2022, Article No. 103631. doi: 10.1016/j.tafmec.2022.103631
38. Dhasindrakrishna, K.; Ramakrishnan, S.; Pasupathy, K.; and Sanjayan, J., “Collapse of Fresh Foam Concrete: Mechanisms and Influencing Parameters,” Cement and Concrete Composites, V. 122, 2021, Article No. 104151. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2021.104151
39. Rezaie, A.; Godio, M.; and Beyer, K., “Investigating the Cracking of Plastered Stone Masonry Walls under Shear–Compression Loading,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 306, 2021, Article No. 124831. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.124831
40. Montaser, W. M.; Shaaban, I. G.; Zaher, A. H.; Khan, S. U.; and Sayed, M. N., “Structural Behaviour of Polystyrene Foam Lightweight Concrete Beams Strengthened with FRP Laminates,” International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials, V. 16, No. 1, 2022, Article No. 59.
41. Kalateh-Ahani, M., and Amiri, S., “A Park-Ang Damage Index-Based Framework for Post-Mainshock Structural Safety Assessment,” Structures, V. 33, 2021, pp. 820-829. doi: 10.1016/j.istruc.2021.04.039
42. Carrillo, J.; Oyarzo-Vera, C.; and Blandón, C., “Damage Assessment of Squat, Thin and Lightly-Reinforced Concrete Walls by the Park & Ang Damage Index,” Journal of Building Engineering, V. 26, 2019, Article No. 100921. doi: 10.1016/j.jobe.2019.100921
43. Fan, Y.; Wang, Y.; Ge, J.; and Ai, B., “Seismic Damage and Evaluation Analysis of Joints in Enhanced-Performance Recycled Aggregate Concrete Frame,” Structures, V. 37, 2022, pp. 1157-1164. doi: 10.1016/j.istruc.2022.01.065
44. Bakhti, R.; Benahmed, B.; Laib, A.; and Alfach, M. T., “New Approach for Computing Damage Parameters Evolution in Plastic Damage Model for Concrete,” Case Studies in Construction Materials., V. 16, 2022, Article No. e00834. doi: 10.1016/j.cscm.2021.e00834
45. Hao, Y.; Wang, H.; Qin, L.; Hou, Y.; and Shi, Y., “Dynamic Characteristics and Response Analysis of a New Type of Prefabricated Fly Ash Foam Concrete Structure,” Structures, V. 57, 2023, Article No. 105074. doi: 10.1016/j.istruc.2023.105074
46. Behzadi-Sofiani, B.; Gardner, L.; and Wadee, M. A., “Behaviour, Finite Element Modelling and Design of Cruciform Section Steel Columns,” Thin-Walled Structures, V. 182, Part A, 2023, Article No. 110124. doi: 10.1016/j.tws.2022.110124