Title: 
            Deicing Salt Scaling Resistance of High-Strength Concrete
        
        
            Author(s): 
            J. Stark and N. Chelouah
        
        
            
                Publication: 
                Symposium Paper
            
            
                Volume: 
                171
            
            
                Issue: 
                
            
            
                Appears on pages(s): 
                633-650
            
            
                Keywords: 
                Deicers; ettringite; freeze thaw durability; high-strength concrete; tests;
water-cement ratio
            
            
                DOI: 
                10.14359/6120
            
        
        
            Date: 
            8/1/1997
        
        
            Abstract:
            Deicing salt scaling resistance of high-strength concrete with a water-cement ratio < 0.40 remains clearly under the CDF (Capillary Suction of Deicing Chemicals and Freeze-Thaw Test) acceptance criterion of 1,500 g/m* after 28 freezing and thawing cycles even if no air-entrainment is used. It was confirmed by our investigations that a high-strength concrete without air-entrainment and with a low water-cement ratio and consequently almost no capillary pores may have a very high freeze-deicing salt resistance. The effect of phase transformations in hydrated cement under freeze-deicing salt attack which is practically harmless in air-entrained concretes should, however, be taken into consideration when dealing with high-strength concretes without air-entrainment.