Title: Effect of Water-Cement Ratio and Curing on Chloride Penetration into Concrete Exposed to Mediterranean Sea Climate

Author(s): Chanoch Jaegermann

Publication: Materials Journal

Volume: 87

Issue: 4

Appears on pages(s): 333-339

Keywords: chlorides; concretes; corrosion; cover; curing; exposure; marine atmospheres; reinforcing steels; serviceability; water-cement ratio; Materials Research

DOI: 10.14359/2039

Date: 7/1/1990

Abstract:
The effect of water-cement ratio (w/c) and curing regime on chloride ion ingress of 20 x 20 x 12 cm specimens exposed to Mediterranean Sea climate was studied. Variants included: w/c of 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, and 0.75, and 1, 3, and 7 days of water curing at 30 C (86 F). Diffusion curves have been obtained from dry-drilled pulverized samples extracted in 5 mm (0.198 in.) steps after «, 1, 1 «, 2, and 3 years of exposure. A depth of 0.4 and 1.0 percent Cl threshold have been established for the different variants. A linear relationship was found between threshold depth and w/c ratio. The threshold values are linearly dependent on curing regime after 1 year of exposure. With time, dependence reduces. After 3 years' exposure, no significant dependence was observed. Explanations for results obtained are offered. Results are compared with local code requirements. Temporary recommendations include reduction of w/c ratio and increase of cover over reinforcing steel.