ACI PRC-211.1-22: Selecting Proportions for Normal-Density and High Density-Concrete - Guide

Description

This guide to concrete proportioning provides background information on, and a procedure for, selecting and adjusting concrete mixture proportions. It applies to normal-density concrete, both with and without chemical admixtures, supplementary cementitious materials, or both. The procedure uses calculations based on the absolute volumes occupied by the mixture constituents. The procedure incorporates consideration of requirements for aggregate gradation, workability, strength, and durability. Example calculations are provided, including adjustments based on the results of the first trial batch. Appendixes cover laboratory tests and proportioning of high-density concretes.

Keywords:

absolute volume; admixtures; air content; durability; mixture proportioning; supplementary cementitious materials; trial batching; water-cementitious materials ratio (w/cm); workability; yield.

Document Details

Author: ACI Committee 211

Publication Year: 2022

Pages: 38

ISBN: 9781641951869

Formats: Printed Document or Protected PDF/Web View

Table of Contents

CHAPTER 1—INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE, p. 2

1.1—Historical background, p. 2

1.2—Introduction, p. 2

1.3—Scope, p. 3

CHAPTER 2—NOTATION AND DEFINITIONS, p. 3

2.1—Notation, p. 3

2.2—Definitions, p. 4

CHAPTER 3—CONCRETE PROPERTIES, p. 4

3.1—Water-cementitious materials ratio (w/cm), p. 4

3.2—Workability, p. 4

3.3—Consistency, p. 4

3.4—Strength, p. 4

3.5—Durability, p. 5

3.6—Density, p. 5

3.7—Generation of heat, p. 5

3.8—Permeability, p. 5

3.9—Shrinkage, p. 5

3.10—Modulus of elasticity, p. 5

CHAPTER 4—BACKGROUND INFORMATION, p. 6

4.1—Trial batching, p. 6

4.2—Slump, p. 6

4.3—Aggregates, p. 6

4.4—Water, p. 7

4.5—Chemical admixtures, p. 7

4.6—Air, p. 7

4.7—Water-cementitious materials ratio (w/cm), p. 8

CHAPTER 5—PROPORTION SELECTION PROCEDURE, p. 13

5.1—Background, p. 14

5.2—Selection process, p. 14

5.3—Estimation of batch weights, p. 14

CHAPTER 6—EFFECTS OF CHEMICAL ADMIXTURES, p. 17

6.1—Background, p. 17

6.2—Air-entraining admixtures, p. 18

6.3—Water-reducing admixtures, p. 18

CHAPTER 7—EFFECTS OF SUPPLEMENTARY CEMENTITIOUS MATERIALS, p. 19

7.1—Background, p. 19

7.2—Pozzolanic versus cementitious, p. 19

7.3—Types of supplementary cementitious materials, p. 19

7.4—Mixture proportioning with supplementary cementitious materials, p. 20

7.5—Ternary systems, p. 21

7.6—Impact of SCMs on sustainability, p. 21

CHAPTER 8—TRIAL BATCHING, p. 21

CHAPTER 9—SAMPLE COMPUTATIONS, p. 21

9.1—Background, p. 21

9.2—Example 1: Mixture proportioning using portland cement only, p. 22

9.3—Example 2: Mixture proportioning of binary mixture containing fly ash, p. 24

9.4—Example 3: Mixture proportioning using cementitious efficiency factor, p. 26

9.5—Example 4: Mixture proportioning using target paste volume, p. 27

CHAPTER 10—REFERENCES, p. 28

Authored documents, p. 29

APPENDIX A—LABORATORY TESTS, p. 29

A.1—Need for laboratory testing, p. 29

A.2—Prequalification of materials, p. 30

A.3—Properties of cementitious materials, p. 30

A.4—Properties of aggregates, p. 30

A.5—Trial batch series, p. 31

A.6—Test methods, p. 31

A.7—Mixtures for small jobs, p. 32

APPENDIX B—HIGH-DENSITY CONCRETE MIXTURE PROPORTIONING, p. 33

B.1—General, p. 33

B.2—Aggregate selection, p. 33

B.3—Adjustment in anticipation of drying, p. 33

B.4—Adjustment for entrained air , p. 33

B.5—Handling of high-density aggregates, p. 33

B.6—Preplaced aggregate , p. 33

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