Description
Controlled low-strength material (CLSM) is a self-consolidating cementitious material used primarily as a backfill as an alternative to compacted fill.
This report contains information on applications; materials; properties; proportioning; mixing, transporting, and placing; quality control; and low-density CLSM using preformed foam.
Keywords: aggregates; backfill; compacted fill; controlled density fill; controlled low-strength material; flowable fill; flowable mortar; fly ash; foundation stabilization; low-density material; pipe bedding; plastic soilcement; preformed foam; soil-cement slurry; trench backfill; unshrinkable fill; void filling.
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1—INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 2—NOTATION AND DEFINITIONS
2.1—Notation
2.2—Definitions
CHAPTER 3—APPLICATIONS
3.1—General
3.2—Backfills
3.3—Structural fills
3.4—Insulating and isolation fills
3.5—Thermal-insulation-conductivity fills
3.6—Pavement bases
3.7—Conduit bedding
3.8—Erosion control
3.9—Void filling
3.10—Nuclear facilities
3.11—Bridge reclamation
CHAPTER 4—MATERIALS
4.1—General
4.2—Portland cement
4.3—Fly ash
4.4—Admixtures
4.5—Mineral admixtures and other additives, p. 6
4.6—Water
4.7—Aggregates
4.8—Nonstandard materials
4.9—Ponded ash or basin ash
CHAPTER 5—PROPERTIES
5.1—Introduction
5.2—Plastic properties
5.3—In-service properties
CHAPTER 6—PROPORTIONING
6.1—Introduction
6.2—Materials
6.3—General formulation
6.4—Proportioning methods
6.5—Evaluation
6.6—Adjustments to proportioning
CHAPTER 7—MIXING, TRANSPORTING, AND PLACING
7.1—General
7.2—Mixing
7.3—Transporting
7.4—Placing
7.5—Cautions
CHAPTER 8—QUALITY CONTROL
8.1—General
8.2—Sampling of CLSM
8.3—Consistency and unit weight
8.4—Strength tests
CHAPTER 9—LOW-DENSITY CLSM USING PREFORMED FOAM
9.1—General
9.2—Applications
9.3—Materials
9.4—Physical properties
9.5—Proportioning
9.6—Construction
9.7—Quality control
CHAPTER 10—REFERENCES
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