Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION, p. 4
CHAPTER 1—GENERAL REQUIREMENTS, p. 5
1.1—Scope, p. 5
1.2—Quality assurance, p. 6
1.3—Engineer, p. 7
CHAPTER 2—NOTATION AND DEFINITIONS, p. 8
2.1—Notation, p. 8
2.2—Definitions, p. 9
CHAPTER 3—REFERENCED STANDARDS, p. 16
CHAPTER 4—MATERIALS, p. 19
4.1—Testing of materials, p. 19
4.2—Cementitious materials, p. 19
4.3—Aggregates, p. 19
4.4—Water, p. 20
4.5—Admixtures, p. 20
4.6—Fibers, p. 20
4.7—Deformed reinforcing bars, p. 21
4.8—Plate steel composite with concrete, p. 22
4.9—Prestressed reinforcement, p. 22
4.10—Prestressing anchorages, p. 23
4.11—Post-tensioning ducts, p. 23
4.12—Grout, p. 23
4.13—Metal liners and nonstructural metal components, p. 24
4.14—Insulation, p. 24
4.15—Coating requirements, p. 25
CHAPTER 5—DESIGN LOADS, LOADING CONDITIONS, AND LOAD COMBINATIONS, p. 26
5.1—General, p. 26
5.2—Design loads, p. 26
5.3—Loading conditions, p. 31
5.4—Load combinations, p. 32
CHAPTER 6—MINIMUM PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS, p. 34
6.1—General, p. 34
6.2—Primary concrete container, p. 35
6.3—Secondary concrete container, p. 37
6.4—Roof performance criteria, p. 47
6.5—Other performance criteria, p. 47
6.6—Concrete quality, p. 47
6.7—Shotcrete, p. 52
6.8—Coating requirements, p. 52
6.9—Metal components, p. 53
CHAPTER 7—LOAD FACTORS, p. 54
7.1—General, p. 54
7.2—Load factors for ultimate limit state, p. 54
7.3—Load factors for serviceability limit state, p. 58
CHAPTER 8—ANALYSIS AND DESIGN, p. 59
8.1—Methods of analysis, p. 59
8.2—Container design basis, p. 66
8.3—Foundation design, p. 67
8.4—Wall design, p. 68
8.5—Roof design, p. 71
8.6—Horizontal shear transfer in composite construction, p. 73
CHAPTER 9—DETAILING, p. 74
9.1—General, p. 74
9.2—Reinforcement details, p. 74
9.3—Internal prestressing systems, p. 76
9.4—External prestressing systems, p. 77
9.5—Concrete containment wall, p. 77
9.6—Metal components, p. 79
9.7—Anchorage to concrete, p. 80
9.8—Liners and coatings, p. 81
CHAPTER 10—FOUNDATIONS, p. 83
10.1—General, p. 83
10.2—Geotechnical investigation, p. 84
10.3—Design requirements for shallow foundations, p. 87
10.4—Design requirements for deep foundations, p. 90
10.5—Ground improvement, p. 94
10.6—Foundation details, p. 95
10.7—Foundation performance monitoring details, p. 97
10.8—Monitoring frequency, p. 98
10.9—Inspection and testing, p. 100
CHAPTER 11—CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS, p. 102
11.1—Construction plan, p. 102
11.2—Tolerances, p. 102
11.3—Shotcrete for external prestressing systems, p. 105
11.4—Post-tensioning, p. 106
11.5—Winding of prestressed reinforcement: wire or strand, p. 110
11.6—Forming, p. 111
11.7—Construction joints, p. 112
11.8—Concrete embedments, p. 113
11.9—Coatings, p. 113
11.10—Welding, p. 113
CHAPTER 12—TESTING, COMMISSIONING AND DECOMMISSIONING, p. 114
12.1—Scope, p. 114
12.2—Testing, p. 114
12.3—Pressure and vacuum testing, p. 118
12.4—Purging into service, p. 118
12.5—Cool-down, p. 120
12.6—Settlement and movement monitoring, p. 122
12.7—Tank fill methods, p. 123
12.8—Decommissioning: purging out of service and warm-up, p. 123
12.9—Recordkeeping, p. 125
12.10—Nameplate, p. 125
APPENDIX A—TANK CONFIGURATIONS, DETAILS, AND EXAMPLES, p. 127
RA.1—Tank configurations, p. 127
RA.2—Full-containment tanks: typical details, p. 127
RA.3—Examples of base joint details, p. 127
APPENDIX B—OFFSHORE CONCRETE TERMINALS, p. 138
B.1—Scope, p. 138
B.2—General, p. 138
B.3—Loads and load combinations, p. 139
B.4—Concrete and reinforcement materials, p. 142
B.5—Global and local structural analysis, p. 143
B.6—Criteria and methodology of concrete sectional design, p. 145
B.7—Fatigue performance criteria, p. 145
B.8—Design considerations during construction, transportation, and installation, p. 146
B.9—Decommissioning, p. 149
B.10—Design for accidents, p. 149
APPENDIX C—FATIGUE PERFORMANCE, p. 152
C.1—Scope, p. 152
C.2—General, p. 152
C.3—Fatigue performance criteria, p. 152
APPENDIX D—REQUIREMENTS FOR OUTER CONCRETE CONTAINER FOR MEMBRANE TANKS, p. 156
D.1—General requirements, p. 156
D.2—Notation and definitions, p. 157
D.3—Referenced standards, p. 157
D.4—Materials, p. 157
D.5—Design loads, loading conditions, and load combinations, p. 157
D.6—Minimum performance requirements, p. 158
D.7—Load factors, p. 161
D.8—Analysis and design, p. 163
D.9—Detailing, p. 163
D.10—Foundations, p. 163
D.11—Construction requirements, p. 163
D.12—Testing commissioning and decommissioning, p. 163
COMMENTARY REFERENCES, p. 164
Authored documents, p. 167