Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1—INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE, p. 2
1.1—Introduction, p. 2
CHAPTER 2—DEFINITIONS, p. 3
CHAPTER 3—CONTRACTS AND SUBMITTALS, p. 3
CHAPTER 4—MATERIALS, BATCHING, AND DELIVERY, p. 3
4.1—Cement, p. 4
4.2—Supplementary cementitious materials, p. 4
4.3—Aggregates, p. 4
4.4—Water, p. 4
4.5—Admixtures, p. 4
4.6—Concrete mixture, p. 4
4.7—Material handling and protection, p. 5
4.8—Concrete material batching, p. 5
4.9—Performance requirements for hardened concrete, p. 6
4.10—Weather considerations, p. 6
CHAPTER 5—DESIGN AND REINFORCEMENT, p. 6
5.1—Design considerations, p. 6
5.2—Steel reinforcement considerations, p. 6
5.3—Considerations for excavation and adjacent operations, p. 7
CHAPTER 6—QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL, p. 7
6.1—General, p. 7
6.2—Quality assurance, p. 7
6.3—Quality control , p. 8
6.4—Material test panel, p. 8
6.5—Preconstruction testing, p. 8
CHAPTER 7—SHOTCRETE EQUIPMENT, p. 9
7.1—Equipment layout, p. 9
7.2—Dry-mix shotcrete equipment, p. 9
7.3—Wet-mix shotcrete equipment, p. 9
7.4—Air compressors, p. 9
7.5—Delivery lines, p. 10
7.6—Air lances/blowpipes, p. 10
7.7—Predampeners, p. 11
7.8—Nozzle systems, p. 11
CHAPTER 8—SHOTCRETE APPLICATION, p. 12
8.1—Preparation before shooting, p. 12
8.2—Forms for shotcrete placement, p. 12
8.3—Shooting in multiple layers, p. 13
8.4—Verifying reinforcing steel suitability, p. 13
8.5—Placement principles and techniques, p. 14
8.6—Finishing, p. 15
8.7—Shotcrete finishing to receive a finish coating, p. 15
CHAPTER 9—PROTECTION AND CURING, p. 15
9.1—Protection during placement, p. 15
9.2—Protection after placement, p. 16
CHAPTER 10—TOLERANCES, p. 17
CHAPTER 11—REFERENCES, p. 18