Description
This report provides technical information on pervious concrete’s application, design methods, materials, properties, mixture proportioning, construction methods, testing, and inspection.
The term “pervious concrete” typically describes a near-zero-slump, open-graded material consisting of portland cement, coarse aggregate, little or no fine aggregate, admixtures, and water. The combination of these ingredients will produce a hardened material with connected pores, ranging in size from 0.08 to 0.32 in. (2 to 8 mm), that allow water to pass through easily. The void content can range from 15 to 35%, with typical compressive strengths of 400 to 4000 psi (2.8 to 28 Mpa). The drainage rate of pervious concrete pavement will vary with aggregate size and density of the mixture, but will generally fall into the range of 2 to 18 gal./ min/ft2 (81 to 730 L/min/m2). Pervious concrete is widely recognized as a sustainable building material, as it reduces stormwater runoff, improves stormwater quality, may recharge groundwater supplies, and can reduce the impact of the urban heat island effect.
Keywords: construction; design; drainage; green building; LEED® credit; permeability; pervious concrete pavement; stormwater; sustainability; testing.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1—Introduction and scope
1.1—Introduction
1.2––Scope
Chapter 2—Notation and definitions
2.1––Notation
2.2—Definitions
Chapter 3—Applications
3.1—General
3.2—Building applications: history
3.3—Pavement applications
3.4—Other applications
Chapter 4—Materials
4.1—General
4.2—Aggregates
4.3—Cementitious materials
4.4—Water
4.5—Admixtures
Chapter 5—Properties
5.1—General
5.2—Compressive strength
5.3—Flexural strength
5.4—Void content/density
5.5—Pore sizes
5.6—Percolation rate
5.7—Durability
5.8—Toughness
5.9—Acoustic absorption
Chapter 6—Pervious concrete mixture proportioning
6.1—General
6.2—Materials
6.3—Water-cementitious material ratio
6.4—Void content
6.5—Amount of coarse aggregate
6.6—Paste volume, cement, and water contents
6.7—Proportioning procedure
6.8— Typical ranges of materials
Chapter 7—Pervious pavement design
7.1—Introduction
7.2—Structural design
7.3—Stormwater management design
7.4—Other considerations
Chapter 8—Pervious pavement construction
8.1—General construction principles
8.2—Subgrade/subbase preparation
8.3—Placing
8.4—Consolidation
8.5—Jointing
8.6—Curing and protection
8.7—Cold weather protection
8.8—Hot weather protection
8.9—Repairing pervious concrete pavements
8.10—Maintenance
Chapter 9—Quality control inspection and testing
9.1—General
9.2—Preconstruction inspection and testing
9.3—Inspection and testing during construction
9.4—Post-construction inspection and testing
Chapter 10—Performance
10.1—General
10.2—Changes in infiltration rates
10.3—Structural distress
10.4—Surface distress
10.5—Resistance to freezing and thawing
Chapter 11—Limitations, potential applications, and research needs
11.1—Pervious concrete in cold climates
11.2—Strength determinations and limitations
11.3—Characterization of the material structure
11.4—Freezing-and-thawing and cold climate applications
11.5—Porous grout
11.6—Stormwater management
11.7—Environmental filtering/remediation potential
11.8—Surface deterioration and repair
11.9—Development and standardization of broader testing methods
11.10—Non-destructive determination of performance and properties
11.11—Urban heat island effect, carbonation, and other thermal properties
11.12—Other novel applications and uses
Chapter 12—The environment and pervious concrete
12.1— Pervious concrete and the LEED® green building rating system
Chapter 13—References
13.1—Referenced standards and reports
13.2—Cited references