Description
This guide provides recommendations for the design and construction of circular, wrapped, prestressed concrete structures commonly used for liquid or bulk storage. These structures are constructed using thin cylindrical shells of either concrete or shotcrete. Shotcrete and precast concrete core walls incorporate a thin steel diaphragm that serves both as a liquid barrier and vertical reinforcement.
Cast-in-place concrete core walls incorporate either vertical prestressing or a steel diaphragm. Recommendations are given for circumferential prestressing achieved by wire or strand wrapping. In wrapping, the wire or strand is fully tensioned before placing it on the structural core wall. Procedures for preventing corrosion of the prestressing elements are emphasized. The design and construction of dome roofs are also covered.
Many recommendations of this guide can also be applied to similar structures containing low-pressure gases, dry materials, chemicals, or other materials capable of creating outward pressures. This guide is not intended for application to nuclear reactor pressure vessels or cryogenic containment structures.
Keywords: circumferential prestressing; dome; footing; joint sealant; prestressed concrete; prestressing steel; shotcrete; wall.
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1—GENERAL
1.1—Introduction
1.2—Objective
1.3—Scope
1.4—Associated structures
1.5—History and development
CHAPTER 2—NOTATION AND DEFINITIONS
2.1—Notation
2.2—Definitions
CHAPTER 3—DESIGN
3.1—Strength, serviceability, and durability
3.2—Floor and footing design
3.3—Wall design
3.4—Roof design
CHAPTER 4—MATERIALS
4.1—Concrete
4.2—Shotcrete
4.3—Supplementary cementitious materials
4.4—Admixtures
4.5—Fibers
4.6—Concrete and shotcrete durability requirements
4.7—Grout for vertical tendons
4.8—Reinforcement
4.9—Waterstops, bearing pads, and filler materials
4.10—Sealant for steel diaphragm
4.11—Epoxy adhesives
4.12—Coatings for outer surfaces of tank walls and
domes
4.13—Coatings for interior surfaces of tanks
CHAPTER 5—CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURES
5.1—Concrete
5.2—Shotcrete
5.3—Forming
5.4—Nonprestressed reinforcement
5.5—Prestressed reinforcement
5.6—Tolerances
5.7—Seismic restraint cables
5.8—Waterstops
5.9—Elastomeric bearing pads
5.10—Sponge-rubber fillers
5.11—Cleaning and disinfection
CHAPTER 6—ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR LIQUID-TIGHTNESS OF TANKS
6.1—Test recommendations
6.2—Liquid-loss limit
6.3—Visual criteria
6.4—Repairs and retesting
CHAPTER 7—ARCHITECTURAL TREATMENT
7.1—Treatment options
7.2—Connections to structure
CHAPTER 8—REFERENCES
APPENDIX A—RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONSIDERATIONS RELATED TO DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF TANK FOUNDATIONS
A.1—Scope
A.2—Subsurface investigation
A.3—Design considerations
A.4—Geotechnical report content
A.5—Shallow foundation